What distinguishes a monitoring well?

A monitoring well is primarily distinguished by its role in collecting data on water quality. These wells are specifically designed to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of groundwater. Typically installed in areas where contamination might occur or where groundwater management is necessary, monitoring wells help in assessing the health of aquifers, tracking pollutants, and understanding water quality trends over time.

In the context of this distinction, while measuring the water level in an aquifer is certainly a vital function of monitoring wells, it is not the exclusive defining factor, as both measuring and evaluating water quality are critical aspects of groundwater management. The use of monitoring wells for removing surface water is not correct, as that typically pertains to other systems like drainage wells. Additionally, the idea that a monitoring well is only used during emergencies is misleading; these wells are established for continuous observation and assessment, rather than solely in response to urgent situations.