Which term refers to a geologic unit that can transmit significant water?

The term that accurately describes a geologic unit capable of transmitting significant amounts of water is a saturated permeable geologic unit. This designation indicates that the unit is not only permeable, allowing water to flow through it but is also saturated, meaning that it is filled with water.

In geological terms, these units can function as aquifers, which are essential for water supply in many regions. They are crucial for activities like well drilling and groundwater extraction. Understanding this term is vital for interpreting hydrogeological studies and evaluating water resources.

While terms like "impermeable layer" refer to geological formations that restrict water flow, "surface aquifer" generally points to aquifers that are closer to the earth's surface and may not necessarily be capable of transmitting significant water compared to deeper aquifers. A "groundwater reservoir" typically describes a larger area of groundwater storage but does not inherently indicate the capacity to transmit water effectively like a saturated permeable geologic unit does.